Reception of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s Work, This Side of...

Reception of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s Bestseller, This Side of Paradise F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote the first draft of his first novel in army training camps between the years 1917 and 1918. The working title was The Romantic Egoist. By February of 1918, Fitzgerald had submitted his first full draft of the novel to Charles Scribner’s Sons only to have it be rejected. In October of 1918, Fitzgerald submitted a revised version to Scribner’s and again it was rejected. Finally, in 1918 the third version of The Romantic Egoist re-titled This Side of Paradise was accepted and published by Charles Scribner’s Sons. This Side of Paradise made Fitzgerald a literary celebrity before his twenty-fourth birthday. The book sold out in a mere†¦show more content†¦Burton Rascoe wrote: â€Å"it is sincere, it is honest, it is intelligent, it is handled in an individual manner, it bears the impress, it seems to me, of genius.† The Chicago Evening American called the novel â€Å"human† and â€Å"complicated† and added that Fitzgerald was surely one writer to be watched in the future. While This Side of Paradise received wide critical acclaim from most critics, there were some who criticized it. The novel was first published with a series of mistakes including misspellings of names, book titles, political figures, movie stars, sports heroes and even martyrs. Over the next four months Fitzgerald embarrassingly attempted to render the mistakes by sending his editor Mathew Perkins several lists of corrections. Although some errors were corrected many remained in the novel . Almost all the reviewers of the book in 1920 noted the spelling and grammar mistakes, but most dismissed them in light of Fitzgerald’s apparent literary talent. One of those unwilling to dismiss the errors was Franklin P. Adams who wrote that the novel was â€Å"sloppy and cocky; impudent instead of confident; and verbose.† The New York Tribune and the Los Angeles Sunday Times added that there is â€Å"nothing solid andShow MoreRelatedEssay The Great Gatsby2606 Words   |  11 Pagesliterary archetypes, a family of fiction that espouses every facet of the expressive use of language (everything from Shakespeare’s plays to Dickens’ prose). As a participant in this tomb, The Great Gatsby has adopted a convenient persona in the world of twentieth century literature as â€Å"the great American novel,† a work that embodies the American thematic ideals of the self-made man, the great American character—Jay Gatsby. In its infancy, the novel received only a taste of the â€Å"epicRead More Hemingway and Fitzgerald Essay1423 Words   |  6 Pages Ernest Hemingway and F. Scott Fitzgerald, the parties of one of the most famously infamous relationships in literary history met for the first time in late April 1925 at The Dingo Bar, a Paris hangout for the bohemian set. In his novel A Moveable Feast (published posthumously) Hemingway describes his first impressions of Fitzgerald: â€Å"The first time I ever met Scott Fitzgerald a very strange thing happened. Many strange things happened with Scott, but this one I was never able to forgetRead MoreThe Classics Are Those Books Essay1137 Words   |  5 Pagesclassics are those books which come to us bearing the aura of previous interpretations, and trailing behind them the traces they have left in the culture or cultures (or just in the languages and customs) through which they have passed. A classic is a work which constantly generates a pulviscular cloud of critical discourse around it, but which always shakes the particles off. Classics are books which, the more we think we know them through hearsay, the more original, unexpected, and innovative we findRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald2473 Words   |  10 Pages F. Scott Fitzgerald Time is a meaningful concept in Fitzgerald’s, The Great Gatsby. In which dreams and memories are very important. Believing in dreams, even when the time for that dream on earth to exist has long since passed. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s writings closely mirror his own life for often explore the human struggle between hope and disillusionment. The Great Gatsby is filled with many characters who live hopeless, lonely lives, even though they have all the money one could want.Read MoreShort Summary of the Great Gatsby11203 Words   |  45 PagesBiography of F. Scott Fitzgerald About F. Scott Fitzgerald Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald was born on September 24, 1896, the only son of an aristocratic father and a provincial, working-class mother. He was therefore the product of two divergent traditions: while his fathers family included the author of The Star-Spangled Banner (after whom Fitzgerald was named), his mothers family was, in Fitzgeralds own words, straight 1850 potato-famine Irish. As a result of this contrast, he was exceedingly

Korean Wave And Its Effect On The Korean Culture - 996 Words

Introduction The Korean Wave also known as Hallyu first appeared during the mid 1990’s. Korean Wave simply means the rising of popularity of the Korean culture (Lee, 2011). This Korean Wave was an example of a ripple effect meaning it is continuing to spread. K-Pop is an abbreviation of Korean pop, which has different music genres incorporated into one. K-pop includes hip-hop, electronic, rock and R’n’B music that has originated from South Korea. Korean pop music began to gain its popularity among teenagers and young adults throughout Asia. K- Pop and TV dramas have impacted the Korean Wave in different ways. K-Pop K-Pop first gained popularity in East Asia. Social media such as youtube and Facebook have made K-pop more accessible to us in the United Stated and other countries. Music video are also in high quality production and sometimes include different versions such as dance, movie and sometimes also come in different languages for their large audiences. K-pop quickly became popular as one of South Koreas largest industries and exports. K- pop is also known for there in sync dance routines and their fashionable outfits. K-pop artist have become in fact role models and idols to teenagers. The female celebrities is shown as a representation the ideal way a female should look physically. K-pop celebrities are very influential to the general public. Female K-pop idols share common physical traits fair skin, large eyes, small face, slender nose and thinShow MoreRelatedEssay on Academic vs Mainstream Writing877 Words   |  4 Pagesscholarly and popular writing by comparing the acad emic articles by Jamie Shinhee Lee â€Å"Linguistic hybridization in K-Pop: discourse of self-assertion and resistance†, the article by Sue Jin Lee â€Å"The Korean Wave: The Seoul of Asian† and the popular article by Lara Farrar for CNN ‘Korean Wave’ of pop culture sweeps across Asia. The Structure of Scholarly Articles In general, scholarly articles tend to be very long ranging from 20-40 pages long; plain usually black and white containing graphs, chartsRead MoreKorean Wave (Hallyu) in China2081 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"Korean wave (Hallyu) was coined in China in mid-1999 by Beijing journalists surprised by the fast growing popularity of South Koreans and South Korean goods in China.† However, the phenomenon of Korean wave flows into East Asia especially China during the early twenty-first century. Korean wave covers the craze for South Korean music, TV dramas, pop stars, but also for fashion styles, cosmetics and electronics. There are many reasons causing Korean wave being a popular mass culture in China. KoreanRead MoreThe Korean Wave1765 Words   |  8 PagesTrending Worldwide: Korean Wave Rosanna Danica B. Maguad TRENDING WORLDWIDE: KOREAN WAVE Unlike in the past, Philippine Media is now a combination of various Asian entertainments. It imports TV series and movies from neighboring Asian countries. Imported movies are then dubbed in Filipino and streamed in our country. ABS-CBN, one of the top TV stations in the country, started to explore foreign TV series last 2003. This was â€Å"Meteor Garden,† a Taiwanese drama series. Because of the boom of theRead MoreKore The Fastest Internet System1057 Words   |  5 PagesKorea has the fastest internet system in the world. South Korean culture has evolved throughout the years after the Korean War. It is one of the fastest growing nations in the world after a severe hit back in the 1900s. Many people believe that Korea is still struggling as a third world nation. Additionally, people also see South Korea as a part of Communist North Korea. Throughout history, people viewed South Korea as a weak country that lost its power and control from Japan, China, and the SovietRead M oreGlobalization of Korean Popular Culture in Asia4150 Words   |  17 PagesGlobalization of Korean Popular Culture in Asia 1. Introduction Since 1990s, Korean Popular Culture has had a strong influence in Asian countries, including China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan and Singapore. This new popular cultural phenomenon in Asia is called the â€Å"Korean Wave†, also known as hallyu in Korean pronunciation, which refers to the surge of popularity of Korean popular culture abroad, particularly in Asia(Kin 284). The â€Å"Korean Wave† is first coined in mid-1999 by journalists in BeijingRead MoreMusic And Dance Were Used For Religious Worship And For Royal Party Through The Three Kingdoms Period Essay1414 Words   |  6 Pagestraditional Korean dances was Buchaechum, which was developed in Joseon Dynasty. It is usually performed as a big female group using two pink feather fans per person. The dancers represent shaped images of flowers, waves, and butterflies by using those fans. In 1893, a Christian hymn song was the first Western music that was first heard in Korea. As Korea accepted a numerous different type of Western music and dances, many performers tried to be a part of those western arts. Many Korean musiciansRead MoreKorean Pop6843 Words   |  28 Pagesâ€Å"Korea had become trendy because it provided what the youth wanted throughout the region. The phenomenon can be partially explained by noting how Korean popular culture catapulted forward during the 1990s, leaving much of Asia behind as it abandoned conservatism and censorship, diversifying, appropriating, absorbing and innovating. In its fusions, it created an Asian equivalent of European and American pop. Japanese pop, of course, had long had this function throughout the region, but the 1990s wasRead MoreInternational Tourism s Effect On Medical Tourism1649 Words   |  7 Pageswill evaluate Hallyu in regards to its effect on medical tourism. However, I will first define the terms in order t o give a clearer picture of what is Hallyu and which medical tourism I am referring too. Hallyu is defined as the growing popularity of Korean-based products that include drama, film, and pop music (Kim). It is also used to describe the fast spreading popularity of Korean culture like food, clothing, and housing. Recently, Hallyu or Korean Wave has not just swept over Asia, but alsoRead MoreThe Effects of Globalization on Cambodia Essay888 Words   |  4 PagesGlobalization is defined as the act of creating connections between countries across the globe in terms of culture and economy. Almost on every part of the world, citizens have become a part of the global village. Even though various researches stated that there are negative effects of globalization for particular reasons, the positive impacts were clearly shown to be stronger especially in developing countries such as Cambodia. To begin with, tourist travel is one of the main negative impacts ofRead MoreThe Meaning Of Culture. â€Å"The Set Of Norms, Behaviors, Beliefs1488 Words   |  6 PagesThe meaning of culture â€Å"The set of norms, behaviors, beliefs and customs that exist within the population of a sovereign nation. International companies develop management and other practices in accordance with the national culture they are operating in† (BusinessDictionary.com, 2017) The essentials of a specific culture places emphasis on what is socially acceptable to that specific demographic with regard to its heritage and can be best summed as the complexities of the whole society. Five major

Singapore Food and Beverage Industry

Question: Write about the Market Trend Analysis for "Singapore Food And Beverage Industry" from year 2011-2015. The analysis have to be supported by valid statistical data such as Market Growth Rate or such. Answer: Markets Trend Analysis In the year of 2013, near around 6750 businesses were founded that are related to the Food and Beverages of Singapore. As commented by Henderson (2015), the food and the beverages industry was increased up to 1.2 percentages in the year 2014. Chart 1: Food and Beverages Services of Singapore (Source: Henderson 2015) On the other hand, most of the food and beverages services segments are positively increased from 2011 to 2015 as well as the growth was significantly increased from the past few years as opined by Sybesma, Kort and Lee (2015). Additionally, the restaurant related business was increased by near about 2.1 percent from the 2009. Chart 2: Operating Receipts of Food and Beverages Services of Singapore (Source: As created by Author) As per the above chart, the total operating receipts increased up to 4.7 percentage that are related to the food and beverages of Singapore. It is necessary to mention that, near around $8317 million was increased as per the basis of the operating receipts in the year 2015 as opined by Wu, Huang and Chou (2014). Apart from that, the total operating expenditure increased up to 5.5 percentages that are related to the food and beverages of Singapore. It is necessary to mention that, near around $8018 million was increased as per the basis of the operating receipts in the year 2015 as opined by Popkin and Kenan (2016). The relevant graphical representation is under mentioned. Chart 3: Operating Expenditure of Food and Beverages Services of Singapore (Source: Popkin and Kenan 2016) Reference List Henderson, J.C., 2015. Halal food, certification and halal tourism: Insights from Malaysia and Singapore.Tourism Management Perspectives. Popkin, B.M. and Kenan, W.R., 2016. Preventing type 2 diabetes: Changing the food industry.Best Practice Research Clinical Endocrinology Metabolism. Sybesma, W., Kort, R. and Lee, Y.K., 2015. Locally sourced probiotics, the next opportunity for developing countries?.Trends in biotechnology,33(4), pp.197-200. Wu, P.H., Huang, C.Y. and Chou, C.K., 2014. Service expectation, perceived service quality, and customer satisfaction in food and beverage industry.International Journal of Organizational Innovation (Online),7(1), p.171.

The Best Way to Build Your Writing Portfolio

Okay. You know what you want. You want to be a freelance writer. Youve done your research and you know this is the creative outlet you need and help you quit your 9-5 job for good! But, now, you have no clue what to do to get started. Do you pitch first? Do you start a blog? With anything new, there will be different ways to get to the same end goal. For me, I had absolutely no experience writing for businesses or being online. Sure, I went to Facebook or Pinterest, but I did that for personal reasons, not to market something. I didnt know what to do or how to do it once I realized I wanted to freelance write. I made mistakes in the beginning too and had to learn the hard way what tools I needed to start freelance writing. But, Im here telling you what you do need first. You need a writing portfolio. This is a sample of your writing in the niche you want to get paid for. Oh, dear. Did I open up a can of worms when I talked about a niche Technically you need to have a niche to write samples, but its not required. A prospect typically wont hire you unless they have read your writing in the niche they require. You can click the image below to view it better. A recent inquiry let me know that they read my samples on my site. My samples told them that they liked my style and wanted to hire me this year. Having a solid writing portfolio filled with your best writing can really make or break you as a writer trying to make this a business. So, lets dive into all of this and see what the best way is to build your portfolio. A Writing Portfolio Example There are many ways you can display your freelance writer portfolio. Its typically a page on your writer website. While you can just add links to your Portfolio page, its much more attracting if you use a plugin. In my course, Writer Website in a Weekend, I show you how to install a plugin for your portfolio: To me, this is the most professional way to display your portfolio to potential clients. What Type of Content to Use in Your Freelance Writing Portfolio So, do you only put blog posts in your writing portfolio? No. You put the type of content you want to get paid for. This might mean sample emails, mock-ups of white papers, site content for an About page or a blog post. I typically write blog content, so my portfolio is made up of blog content. I also think this is the easiest type of content to create and to market for your business. You can land regular work as a freelance blog writer. But, should you just draft up samples in Google doc or is there a better way to build your portfolio? Yes!! Do This to Build Your Writing Portfolio The best way to create a sample for your freelance portfolio is to guest post. This means your post is published on someone elses blog. It can be  paid contributions, but more often than not, its a free opportunity for you to market your business  in front of a brand new targeted audience. Guest posting also gives you the street cred as a professional freelance writer. My first three samples were not really in my niche, nor were they at all related to each other. The first was for A Nation of Moms. I wrote about gut health for toddlers. I thought natural health would be a good niche to get into. My second was for Social Media Today. This post is in my portfolio currently because it has helped me break into the digital marketing niche – the niche I currently write in. Free Course on Getting Paid to Write Online Finally, the third sample was for Psych Central on how to improve your mood. I was ecstatic for this sample as it was on a very prestigious platform, even though I wasnt sure I wanted to write about mental health. As you can see, not defining a niche didnt stop me from writing about things I knew – natural health, mental health and social media (the last one I was learning at the time and wanted to write about it). So, how do you guest post? 1. Run a Google Search The easiest is to run a Google search on the niche you want to write for + write for us. Here is an example of dog blogs! You can search for literally anything + write for us to get guest blog opportunities. 2. Read The Guest Blogs Guidelines Every place you guest blog will have a different set of guidelines to submit your post. Some may want a Google doc while others want you to send an attachment via email. There may be strict rules on what types of links to include, who you can mention in your post and how to write your post and the length of the post. Here are Brazens guest guidelines. 3. Create Your Guest Blog Pitch Now comes the fun part – crafting your pitch based on the guidelines you just read! Again, different blogs want different things. Some want 3-5 topic suggestions while others want an outline of one post idea. Figure out what they want and come up with a great topic or list of topics. Here is my pitch for A Nation of Moms: I suggest you research how to craft a pitch for guest blogging. Its important that your pitch comes off personal and sounds like you know the bloggers content. Simply using a template for your guest pitch, wont work in landing any guest posts. Instead, read the blog you want to guest post and learn about: How long their posts are The format for their posts Their popular high sharing topics Their headlines This information can help you stand out in your pitch. The blog owner will know you did your research. 4. Write the Guest Post When you get accepted, its time to write the guest post. One thing to note – dont pitch the SAME topic and outline to multiple guest blogs. If you pitch the steps to eat paleo to five health blogs and two of them accept your pitch, you cant write that post. And you cant swap another idea either. Instead, think of similar blog topics to pitch. So, for the health example, if you want to guest post on a health site, come up with several ideas that can be similar if you have a hard time coming up with blog topics: 5 Steps to Get Your Family Eating Paleo Why Paleo Eating Isnt Just a Fad 25 Easy Paleo Snacks to Take on The Run 5 Easy Ways You Can Start Eating Paleo 5. Craft Your Author Bio One of the best reasons you want to build your writer portfolio using guest posts is you get an author bio. Your author bio is the place to market your freelance writing business! A good bio has these components: what you are offering, what type of content you provide, how to reach you and some kind of way to tell your personality. My author bio has evolved over the years as Ive grown as a freelance writer. Here is my most current author bio: 6. Submit Your Post And Wait After you submit your post (via the way the blogger indicated in the guest post guidelines) its time to wait. You will probably get a response from the blog owner saying that they received it and give you a timeline of when your post will be published. Other blogs may want you to edit and revise your content before they publish your post. Once all of that is handled, you wait until your post is published. During this time you can pitch for more guest spots, work on your writer website and start pitching to job boards. As a new freelance writer, you gotta hustle every day. Figure out the tasks you need to do to get your business up and running! Its your turn – have you started your freelance writing portfolio? Let me know in the comments!

Censorship in AMerica essays

Censorship in AMerica essays Marilyn Manson, The Beatles, NWA, Garth Brooks, and the king, Elvis, What do all these people have in common? Well, yes, they are all musical groups, but there is something more. Marilyn Manson is a heavy metal group who worships Satan, the Beatles were one of the greatest Rock N Roll bands of all time, and NWA was a hard-core rap group from the 80s. Garth Brooks is a country singer and greatest selling performer of all time, and well, Elvis is the king of Rock N Roll. So what do they all have in common? All of these artists have or had songs with indecent or obscene lyrics. Since the dawn of musical expression, there have been people trying to stop or hinder the constitutional right to listen and enjoy music of all forms. There were ordinary, everyday people during the infancy of Rock N Roll in the 1960s who made it their mission in life to stop so-called obscene music like the Beatles song Lucy In the Sky With Diamonds, from polluting our airwaves and minds. These groups succeeded in banning some songs from the radio, but most of their actions were for naught, because there was no real punishment for radio stations playing those songs labeled obscene. By 1985, many people wanted to cleanse the music industry of its indecent music, so the most prominent group in the history of music censorship was started: The Parents Music Resource Center (PMRC)-(A Brief...). This was just the first of many groups who made it their business to decide what the American Population These censorship groups have also been able to get government money in order to fight, lie, and bribe their way to censoring music. The PMRC and other organizations have also convinced government organizations like the Federal Communications Commissions (FCC) to regulate what music is played on the radio. Places like Target, Disc Joc...

How To Stress Syllables in Japanese Pronunciation

How To Stress Syllables in Japanese Pronunciation For non-native Japanese speakers, learning the cadence of the spoken language can be very challenging.  Japanese has a pitch accent or musical accent, which can sound like a monotone to a new speakers ear. It is quite different from the stress accent found in English, other European languages and some Asian languages. This different accent system is also why Japanese speakers often struggle with putting the accent on the correct syllables when learning English.   A stress accent pronounces the syllable louder and holds it longer. English speakers speed up between accented syllables without really thinking about it, as a habit. But the pitch accent is based on the two relative pitch levels of high and low. Each syllable is pronounced with equal length, and each word has its own determined pitch and only one accent summit. Japanese sentences are constructed so that when spoken, the words sound almost like a melody, ​with rising and falling pitches. Unlike Englishs uneven, often halting rhythm, when spoken correctly Japanese sounds like a steadily flowing stream, particularly to the trained ear. The origin of the Japanese language has been a mystery to linguists for some time. Although it bears some similarities to Chinese, borrowing some Chinese characters in its written form, many linguists consider Japanese and so-called Japonic languages (most of which are considered dialects) to be a language isolate. Regional Japanese Dialects Japan has many regional dialects (hogen), and the  different dialects all have different accents. In Chinese, dialects (Mandarin, Cantonese, etc) vary so widely that speakers of different dialects are not able to understand each other.   But in Japanese, there are usually no  communication problems among people of different dialects since everybody understands standard Japanese (hyoujungo, a dialect spoken in Tokyo). In most cases, accentuation doesnt make a difference in the meaning of the words, and the Kyoto-Osaka dialects dont differ from Tokyo dialects in their vocabularies.   The one exception is the Ryukyuan versions of Japanese, spoken in Okinawa and the Amami Islands. While most Japanese speakers consider these to be dialects of the same language, these varieties may not be easily understood by those who speak Tokyo dialects. Even among the Ryukyuan dialects, there may be difficulty understanding each other. But the official stance of the Japanese government is that the Ryukyuan languages represent dialects of standard Japanese and are not separate languages.   Pronunciation of Japanese The pronunciation of Japanese is relatively easy compared with other aspects of the language. However, it requires an understanding of Japanese sounds, pitch accent, and intonation to sound like a native speaker. It also takes time and patience, and its easy to get frustrated. The best way to learn how to speak Japanese is to listen to the spoken language and try to imitate the way native speakers say and pronounce words.  A non-native speaker who focuses too much on the spelling or writing of Japanese without taking into account the pronunciation will have difficulty learning how to sound authentic.

Warfare welfare and citizenship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Warfare welfare and citizenship - Essay Example People are more loyal to their nations than before because of improved political environment. Governments on the other hand have struggled to empower their citizens either politically, socially, intellectually and religiously. In the modern society, there is a general notion that people are all pluralist. This paper will therefore discuss warfare, welfare, pluralism and citizenship from both the historical and modern perspective. The three terms warfare, welfare and citizenship largely influence each other, making it hard to analyse one without discussing the others. From a political perspective, scholars regard warfare as an ideological struggle in which people try to dominate their ideas over others. More often, many people refer to this struggle as propaganda or psychological contest to implement conditions in the political arena. Warfare is a broad field that encompasses various components, ranging from military operations, through morale warfare to psychological wellbeing of the citizens. The military struggle seems to harbour all the other aspects in a war such as propaganda and publicity. Nations for example, were eager to demonstrate their military prowess during World War I and II. It involved the use of military machines, political influence, religion and social integration among nations (Richards 2005). Welfare on the other hand entails the effort of a particular government to provide its citizens with economic security. As a result, a government guarantees its citizens with the fundamental necessities such as food, health care, shelter, security, as well as protection in the old age (Light n.d). The government fulfils this role using two methods. First is direct assistance, where it provides the citizens with their needs on a one-on-one basis. The other method is indirect assistance, where a particular administration implements programs that reduce problems faced by the citizens. Such programs include

Macro systems paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Macro systems paper - Essay Example For one to understand human services interactions in terms of macro systems communities and organizations there should be an initial understanding of the concept of personal, interpersonal, and political empowerment. Personal empowerment can be referred to as an individual’s ability to have an effect on events and the people in their environment. Personal empowerment is usually enhanced with an individual’s ability to comprehend their current position and exactly where they are headed to (Van, Keefe &Besthorn, 2007). Personal empowerment is also characterized by an individual’s flexibility and their ability to change in accordance to their environment. Interpersonal empowerment is always used with reference to an individual’s ability to work collaboratively with other people to effectively implement plans that are put in place for them to implement. This is always characterized by the existence of interpersonal skills. A person who is interpersonally empowered can, therefore, be said to be someone who can effectively function as part of a team. Political empowerment occurs when the government offers help to communities and institution with the aim of making their lives less challenging. It also occurs when the government allows communities and organizations to have political participation in political issues that have either direct or indirect influence on their existence (Kirst-Ashman, 2008). Politicalempowerment enables the public to make sure that they are able to influence political decision making in the best way possible. An individual can always involve themselves in multiple systems at a working environment. These systems include: micro, mezzo, and macro systems. At the micro level and individual usually focuses on having personal interactions with their clients individually or with a family member or spouse. Interventions at this level can include an individual interacting with the client in a number of occasions.

Technology is important for us Essay Example for Free

Technology is important for us Essay Imagine yourself a world without the existence of the word technology? How does that world look like? For me it’s a world without evolution and creativity, a place where everyone is closed minded. Like the cavemen where we once was in the Stone age, but this time infinitely. Technology is something very important for our society and mankind. It gives us hopes and dreams to reach out for. Furthermore, it improves our lives by making it more easier and better. For example, take a look around you, the watch, the laptop, the TV and even the chair. Almost everything you see is the track of technology and have you ever imagined you life without those stuff? A good tips is by sitting on a stone an hour in the woods without bringing anything with you. After that you will surely realize how important technology really is. Personally, technology is something I really love and I have been a dreaming about creating a new technology myself. A Time-machine or something unimaginable that will change this world, in a positive way of course. However, a technology is not always something positive. Clearly, weapons and bombs that is used for war and hurting other people. So can we live without technologies? If the technology stops to evolves or improves, the time will also stops. We will lose our creativity and everything we create or produce will look the same. However that will never ever happen, because we humans are curios creature. We like to explore things and make things easier for us. Consequently, it keeps the technology in track and go forwards. To summarize, technology is something important for us and our world. We can survive without it but the world would not be as fun and easy as today. Even though some evil people use technology in bad ways like starting wars. Technology can still be used to stop wars and connect people by helping each other. For example the internet which keeps us in touch with each other even though we are miles away.

Picasso - Cultural Expression :: essays research papers

Picasso was arguably the most influential artist of the twentieth century. He had some degree of influence in all styles of painting which were used during his time, and was known and respected by almost every art enthusiast on the face of the planet. Pablo Picasso, born Pablo Ruiz y Blasco, came into the world on the 25th of October 1881 in the southern Spanish town of Malaga. Pablo was an artist from early in his life – he was a child prodigy. He began his career as a classical painter. He painted things such as portraits and landscapes. But this style didn’t satisfy Picasso, he was a free man and wanted to express himself and ultimately leave a lasting mark on art as we know it. Picasso turned his attention to cubes. He invented Cubism – a radical art form which used harsh lines and corners to display a picture instead of the usual soft curves (see enclosed picture no. 1). Picasso won a lot of fame for his Cubist paintings, but was criticized for it also. He designed and painted the drop curtain and some giant cubist figures for a ballet in 1917. When the audience saw the huge distorted images on stage, they were angry, they thought the ballet was a joke at their expense. Cubism lived on despite this. Other artists mimicked Picasso’s Cubism, and it took hold. Picasso had only just begun his one-man art revolution. In the late 1920s, Picasso fixed himself upon an even more revolutionary art form – Surrealism. Surrealism emphasized the role of the unconscious mind in creative activity. Surrealists aimed at creating art from dream, visions, and irrational impulses. Their paintings shocked the world – particularly Picasso’s – it was unlike anything anyone had ever seen before. Picasso saw his newly found art form as a kind of â€Å"painted literature† or sign language. He took advantage of this fact and also the fact that he was extremely famous, to make a few political statements, statements that would go down in history. 1936 saw the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War. Fascist revolutionaries, led by Francisco Franco took hold of Spain and imposed a fascist dictatorship upon the country. Due to poor economic control and disregard for the people on the part of the Fascists, the country went through hell. The unemployment rate was phenomenal. The majority of the population were peasants and lived in appalling conditions.

Principles of Accounting Essay

1.Analyze the effects of Draper Consulting transactions on the accounting equation. Use the format of Exhibit 1-6, and include these headings: Cash; Accounts receivable; Supplies; Equipment; Furniture; Accounts payable; and Draper, capital. 2.Prepare the income statement of Draper Consulting for the month ended December 31, 2012. 3.Prepare the statement of owner’s equity for the month ended December 31, 2012. 4.Prepare the balance sheet at December 31, 2012. PANEL A—Details of Transactions 1. Received $18,000 cash and gave capital to Draper. 2. Paid monthly office rent, $550. 3. Paid cash for a Dell computer, $1,800. This equipment is expected to remain in service for five years. 4. Purchased office furniture on account, $4,200. The furniture should last for five years. 5. Purchased supplies on account, $900. 6. Performed consulting service for a client on account, $1,500. 7. Paid utility expenses, $250. 8. Performed service for a client and received cash of $1,100. 1 Received $42,000 cash and gave capital to Stewart. 4 Purchased supplies, $700, and furniture, $1,900, on account. 6 Performed services for a law firm and received $1,400 cash. 7 Paid $24,000 cash to acquire land for a future office site. 10 Performed service for a hotel and received its promise to pay the $1,000 within one week. 14 Paid for the furniture purchased September 4 on account. 15 Paid secretary’s bi-monthly salary, $490. 17 Received cash on account, $400. 20 Prepared a design for a school on account, $700. 28 Received $2,100 cash for consulting with Plummer & Gorden. 30 Paid secretary’s bi-monthly salary, $490. 30 Paid rent expense, $650. 30 Stewart withdrew cash of $3,000. Requirements 1.Open the following T-accounts: Cash; Accounts receivable; Supplies; Furniture; Land; Accounts payable; Stewart, capital; Stewart, drawing; Service revenue; Salary expense; and Rent expense. 2.Record each transaction in the journal, using the account titles given. Key each transaction by date. Explanations are not required. 3.Post the transactions to the T-accounts, using transaction dates as posting references in the ledger accounts. Label the balance of each account Bal, as shown in the chapter. 4.Prepare the trial balance of Doris Stewart, Designer, at September 30, 2012.

Assets, liabilities, equity Essay

Accounting, per se, is based on five types of accounts namely: assets, liabilities, equity, income and expense. These account types belong either of the Balance sheet accounts or Income and Expense accounts. Assets, liabiliites, and equity fall under the balance sheet account and the rest goes to the income and expense accoutnts. Definining each, asset is composed of a group of things that an individual or an entity owns. These includes tangible items like car, cash or often stocks (intangible) and others that possess convertible values. On the other hand, liabilities are group of things on which an individual or an entity is indebted to. Loans and mortgages are the common examples of liabilities. Equity, is what we also call net worth – an amount that is represented to be the remainder after deducting the liabilities of an individual’s or an entity’s from its group of assets. Meanwhile, income is the same as profit – something that you earn as payment from the time, services, or goods that you offered in exchange of money. Expenses include all those monetaries that were used to acquire the goods or services of someone else. Amongst various accounts in an entity, the stocks swap and replacement costs are the fundamental accounts that change when an entity assimilates to a corporate merger. Stock swap is frequently used in the accounts of a corporate merger since it does not prohibit the shareholders of merging companies to distribute among them the risk that is involved in the merging transaction. Replacement cost, on the other hand is comes in when entities will employ cost in replacing that target company. However, replacment cost can only be true in most cases where an industry does not give services. References Investopedia ULC (2008) Mergers and Acquisitions: Introduction. Retrieved November 17, 2008, from http://www. investopedia. com/university/mergers/default. asp Money Instructor (2005) Basic Accounting Terminology 101. Retrieved November 17, 2008, from http://www. moneyinstructor. com/art/basicaccounting. asp

Intergovernmentalism as a Mode of Union Governance essays

Intergovernmentalism as a Mode of Union Governance essays Intergovernmentalism as a Mode of Union Governance II.The Negotiation of the SEA as a Case Study A. Mode of Political process and Style of Governance Part 2: Beyond the Monolithic Government I. Case Study: Negotiating the SEA - The National Level (Germany) c) Ministries, esp. Agriculture, Finance, Economics B. Beyond the Monolithic Government 3. Factors Shaping National Policies Part 3: Intergovernmentalism and Democracy I. Intergovernmentalism and Consociational Democracy II.Accounts, Accountability, Responsibility, Information - A Theoretical A. Ambiguities about Accountability 1. The Psychology of Accountability 3. Neglecting a Long-Run Perspective 6. Simplification of Causality Through Individual Responsibility B. The Importance of Accountability 2. "Practical" Reasons for the Persistence of the Ideal of 3. The "Kantian" Aspect of Responsibility C. The Basis for Accountability: Information IV.Developments and Some Further Thoughts B. The Question of Levels: National European Intergovernmentalism, albeit ringing familiar in theories of integration, has never been a clearly defined concept of political theory. Various writers imply very different things when they talk of intergovernmentalism. In particular, it is unclear whether it relates to 1) institutions ("institutional intergovernmentalism"), to 2) area fields ("functional intergovernmentalism"), or to 3) the Treaty structure (three pillars - "formal intergovernmentalism"). Mostly, scholars and practitioners refer to "intergovernmentalism" in order to describe instances in which the voices of the Member States can clearly be heard on the Community level. Of course, the voices of the Member States can be heard in ways that have only little in common. It almost is a truism to mention the fact that national influence on Community processes is directed through different channels: As suggested by the term itself, "intergovernment...

How to Pay for the Cost of a Fraternity or Sorority

How to Pay for the Cost of a Fraternity or Sorority Lets just be honest: Joining a fraternity or sorority can be expensive. Even if you dont live in the house, you likely have to pay dues, for social outings, and for all kinds of other things you werent expecting. So how can you manage to pay for the cost of going Greek if money is already tight? Fortunately, most fraternities and sororities understand that not every student can pay the full cost every semester. There are lots of places to look if you need a little extra financial help. Scholarships If your Greek is part of a larger regional, national, or even international organization, it may very well have scholarships available. Talk to some of the leaders in your campus chapter to see what they know or whom you should contact for more information on scholarships. Grants There may also be grants available, coming either from your larger organization or from organizations that simply want to support students who are involved in Greek life in general. Dont be afraid to do some searching online, check in with your campus financial aid office, and even ask other students if they know of good resources. Get a Job With the Organization on Campus If youre lucky, you can work within your fraternity or sorority and get an actual paycheck or things paid for indirectly (e.g., your room and board covered). Start asking around as soon as you realize you might be interested in this kind of arrangement; youll likely need to apply for positions in the spring if youd like to start working in them in the fall. Get a Job With the Larger Organization If your fraternity or sorority is very large on a regional or national scale, they likely need help keeping things running smoothly. Ask if there are positions that you can apply for- and work in- from your campus. The larger organization might need ambassadors, people who can write newsletters, or folks who are great at accounting. You never know what you might find open, so start asking around as soon as possible. Barter See if you can trade your skills for financial arrangements. Perhaps you have some mad skills at gardening. See if you can trade your labor in building, growing, and maintaining an organic garden for your sorority or fraternity in exchange for having your annual dues waived. Or if youre skilled in fixing computers, ask if you can work a few hours a week keeping everyones machines happy in exchange for a discount on your room and board costs. You got into college because youre smart and resourceful, so dont be shy about using those skills to help you create a financial arrangement that works for you and your desire to remain involved in your fraternity or sorority.

Criminal Justice and the rule of law Research Paper

Criminal Justice and the rule of law - Research Paper Example Substantive law controls the behavior of the governed and procedural fairness controls the behavior of the government and each of its organs and agents. In this regard, average citizens and the government have a responsibility to contribute to safety and security by complying with the rule of law which is the cornerstone of the criminal justice system. This research paper analyses individual and state responsibility within the rule of law underlying criminal justice by discussing substantive law and procedural fairness. In discussing individual responsibility, St. Leo University’s core value of responsible stewardship will be discussed to exemplify how an individual can avoid criminal behavior by acting responsibly and at the same time meet the ends of criminal justice contemplated by the rule of law: social control for community safety and security. Substantive Law and Individual Responsibility The substantive law within the criminal justice system, defines criminal conduct a nd prescribes punishment for committing criminal offenses (Siegel, 2009). For example, it is a crime of murder to intentionally kill another human being and the punishment for the crime of murder can be life imprisonment or state execution, depending on the jurisdiction in which the offence is committed. However, not all criminal offences are that well known. For example, an individual may know that criminal trespass is a crime, but may not know what constitutes criminal trespass. The individual may think it is perfectly lawful to enter a seemingly abandoned home and remove items of interest. In other words, ordinary citizens, who may not be familiar with all prohibited or criminal conduct and might without knowledge of the law, commit an offense. This is unfortunate, because it is a well-established principle of criminal law that ignorance of the law or mistake of the law is not a defence to criminal behavior (Loewy, 2009). A valid defense however, will be founded on the basis of i ntention. If an individual lacks criminal intent to commit a crime, the individual can be exonerated (Loewy, 2009). Criminal laws are constructed from public morals and public opinions (Siegel, 2009). Individuals can therefore simply choose to conduct themselves in accordance with public morals and public opinions of what is acceptable and unacceptable behavior. Even so, Marxist criminologists argue however, criminal justice and the rule of law is designed to protect the middle classes and the wealthy. While the wealthy amasses wealth, it is said that the â€Å"poor gets prison† (Vito & Maahs, 2012, p. 217). For example, conduct on the part of the wealthy for the purpose of amassing wealth is usually treated as a regulatory mishap or a minor offence, despite the harm this conduct brings to others. As Vito & Maahs (2012) explains, environmental damages caused by wealth industrial giants in the pursuit of greed has caused significant damages to others, their properties and has even caused the death of a many more. Similarly, fraud, embezzlement and other white collar crimes committed by the wealth or the middle classes hardly gets the king of punishment that poor criminals obtain for what is known as â€Å"street crimes† (Vito & Maahs, 2012, p. 217). In fact, many of the white collar crimes are never prosecuted (Vito & Maahs, 2012). Yet, it can still be up to the individual who is

Thomas Jefferson Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Thomas Jefferson - Term Paper Example It reads however that Thomas Jefferson authored â€Å"of the Declaration of American Independence, of the Statute of Virginia for religious freedom, and Father of the University of Virginia, and as he wished â€Å"not a word more† (The Declaration). Historians could want to add some more accomplishments as, for example, his distinction as a naturalist, linguist and as an architect yet in the main they would surely concur with Jefferson’s own assessment. The author of Declaration of American Independence was born in present day Albemarle County, Va., on 13 April, 1743. Although Jefferson himself treated lightly his ancestry his mother came from one of Virginian pioneer families; his father was a prosperous landowner yet not of the class the most wealthy planters. Between 1760 and 1762 Thomas Jefferson studied at the College of William and Mary. Seven years later he started building Monticello on the plot he had inherited from the father (Bennet, 23). Since 1774 when Jefferson wrote his firs political pamphlet, A Summary View of the Rights of British America his fame began to reach beyond his native state of Virginia. Debating on the basis of the theory of natural rights, Thomas Jefferson claimed that the colonies were not obliged to give allegiances to the king. He asserted that â€Å"the God who gave us life†¦ gave us liberty at the same time: the hand of force may destroy, yet can not disjoin them† (Peterson) After being elected to the Second Continental Congress held in Philadelphia, Thomas Jefferson was appointed on 11 June, 1776 to preside at the committee of five in preparing the Declaration of Independence. Jefferson was its primary author, though after consultation with John Adams and Benjamin Franklin the draft was amended substantively by the Congress. Based on the same theory of Natural rights that is contained in A Summary View, the Declaration of Independence brought Jefferson the

Effect and Influence of Social Factor on Business Essay

Effect and Influence of Social Factor on Business - Essay Example This essay focuses on the significance of the social aspect in the PEST analysis in regards to a business from apparel manufacturing industry. Environmental analysis is a marketing function which includes study of all external factors that may determine the success or failure of a business. Relatively qualitative in nature, this analysis involves identifying of environmental variables, scanning them, analyzing and finally forecasting of business situation. Environmental analysis is significant for a business to survive and grow. This analysis helps in identifying the probable opportunities and threats to a business. It opens new avenues for business activity expansion and also provides opportunities for discovering and exploitation of business. PEST analysis is an acronym for â€Å"political, economic, social and technological.† Its purpose is to conduct analysis and identify various external factors that might affect business and also to help in market research.Social aspect of PEST analysis includes factors such as age distribution, income level, education, diet and nutrition, religion, population growth, consumerism, social class, and expectation of society from business. It also includes buying trends, change in lifestyle, cultural aspects, ethics, publicity factors, advertising, media, career attitudes, health consciousness and emphasis on safety. Social trends to a great extent affect demand for a product The social factor from PEST analysis creates various opportunities at a global, national and international level. ... It enables business and organizations to understand future problems and face them boldly. This analysis helps organizations in expanding their business while contributing towards social groups and causes. Environmental analysis keeps guiding the organizations from time to time about changes in socio economic conditions at the same time enabling them to take benefit of technological developments, government policies etc. Apart from providing various opportunities environmental analysis also helps business in identifying threats from competitor and other sources. Threats are uncontrollable and can put survival of organization or business at stake. Environmental analysis overcome organization’s threat and also helps in identifying competencies of business. Identification of one PEST factor PEST analysis is an acronym for â€Å"political, economic, social and technological.† Its purpose is to conduct analysis and identify various external factors that might affect business and also to help in market research. Out of all the factors from PEST analysis I am considering Social factor for discussion about how it affects business. Social aspect of PEST analysis includes factors such as age distribution, income level, education, diet and nutrition, religion, population growth, consumerism, social class, and expectation of society from business. It also includes buying trends, change in lifestyle, cultural aspects, ethics, publicity factors, advertising, media, career attitudes, health consciousness and emphasis on safety. Social trends to a great extent affect demand for a product (Miller 1992). Industry considered Considering apparel manufacturing industry for

Analysis of Data Security in Wireless Networks

Analysis of Data Security in Wireless Networks Chapter 1: Introduction Research Method Research is defined as search for new knowledge or an art of scientific and careful investigation of new facts. Research method is referred as a systematic methodology of defining and re-defining the problems, suggest solutions, formulate hypothesis, evaluate the data, make deductions and then reach conclusions. At last, test the conclusions to determine whether they are suitable for the formulating hypothesis or not (KOTHARI, C. R., 2005). The research method chosen for the present study are case studies. Case study research is used because of its capability to bring a clear idea on any complicated issue and thereby strengthening the previously developed research works. A key characteristic of case study research method is its ability to provide multiple sources of evidence each with its strengths and weaknesses (Bill Gillham, 2000). The steps involved in case study research method are as follows: Getting Started The research work started with the collection of data on Wireless Sensor Networks. Sensor networks are referred as secured networks if they can provide end to end security with authenticity and confidentiality. The present research work emphasizes the importance of providing data security in sensor networks through Location-Aware End-to-end Data Security system. Selecting Cases Selection of cases is an important aspect of building theory from case studies. The earlier stages of the research work focused on various security systems and then identified Location-Aware End-to-end Data Security system for providing data security in sensor networks. Literature review section of this research work will explain all these aspects very clearly. Case study research method is quiet difficult as it provides multiple sources of evidence in its research. So to develop this research work, data was collected from various sources like books, journals, articles and online websites. Crafting Instruments and Protocols After the collection of data related to sensor networks and its importance in the field of providing security for networks it was analyzed that efficient steps must be followed by the organizations to provide security for sensor networks. In order to provide an efficient data security system for sensor networks, the research work was customized a number of times. All the design principles were considered for improving the security in sensor networks so to implement better communication networks. Entering the field After gathering the information related to wireless sensor networks from various sources like websites, journals, articles and books. The information gathered gave a better understanding on Location-Aware End-to-end Data Security system for providing data security in sensor networks. Analyzing data The case study research method primarily concentrated on Location-Aware End-to-end Data Security system for providing data security in sensor networks. The data collected for this research work was analyzed using various methods and techniques. This analysis helps to find the link between the research objects and outcomes with respect to the present study thereby providing an opportunity to strengthen the research findings and conclusions. Shaping hypotheses The task of shaping hypotheses is mainly applied for the alteration or modification of models applied for the research work previously. The new models applied in the research depend upon the data analysis. Enfolding literature After the analysis stage which was helpful in assessing the proposed solutions related to the problems occurred by disasters then a detailed critical analysis will be presented in literature review section that will evaluate the existing security designs so as to improve the performance of sensor networks. Reaching closure From the start of the research work to the analysis stage it was analyzed that providing efficient security for sensor networks is very important as it increases the life of networks and improves the efficiency of networks. Background study of Wireless Sensor Networks Wireless Sensor networks will fall under the category of modern networking systems. It has emerged in the past and caters the needs of real world applications. These networks are the preferred choice for the design and development of monitoring and control systems. In the year of 1940s and 50s wireless sensing technology was developed. To discover and chase enemy craft this was used by military (Shimmer, 2006). The technology formulated to let in radio frequency identification and real time location system but the real force behind wireless sensor network was the power to place detectors in remote or in the environment without wired lines. This allows in turn for capture and analysis of information to transmit warnings and to identify the approaching phenomenon. The quality of life by allowing real time information was developed by WSNs. WSNs supply real world information in a perceive manner rather than a virtual world (Shimmer, 2006). As the health of the people is becoming worse a nd the global population is getting older, with the ability to sense and perform direct measurements biometric solutions can be created which will improve the healthcare and improves the quality of life. As one of the key drivers for wireless sensor networks data will be captured and analyzed for detecting and predicting the phenomena like falls and warnings to develop intelligent solutions for industry. Chapter 2: Literature Review 2.1 Overview Providing security for data in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a difficult task because of complexity in managing the critical resource. Data security in sensor networks can be achieved by Location-Aware End-to-end Data Security system. A sensor network can called as secured if it can provide end-to-end security through data confidentiality, authenticity and availability. Applications like wildlife monitoring, manufacturing performance monitoring and military operations use wireless sensor networks. Security is the most important requirement for all these WSNs applications. Providing security in wireless sensor networks is different from traditional approaches because of resource limitations and computation restrictions. Node compromise attacks, DoS attacks and resource consumption attacks are the most general attacks in the wireless sensor networks while providing security to the data. This research concentrates on wireless sensor networks, data security in sensor networks, Locat ion-Aware End-to-end Data Security (LEDS) systems and its performance in providing data security. 2.2 Wireless Sensor Network Wireless Sensor Network is a fast growing technology and has exciting research area. Military and civilian activities can be operated successfully using this network. Interconnection between thousands of sensor nodes in large sensor networks can create technical issues (LEWIS, F. L., 2004). To offer a high quality sensing in terms of space and time the sensing nodes are closely arranged and are made to work together. This technology is responsible for sensing and also for the first stages of the processing hierarchy. Computations, communication capacities, memory, low cost devices which have limited energy resources are included in the network. One of the major applications of sensor networks is actuators. This type of sensor networks is widely used in many sectors like military applications, environmental applications and commercial applications (RAGHAVENDRA, C. S., Krishna M. Sivalingam and Taieb F. Znati, 2004). Networks can be organized in multi-hop wireless paths and large lands capes in order to recognize the events of interest. Industries attain security and safety by making use of wireless sensor networks. This network uses sensors for the detection of toxic, harmful and unsafe materials and also provides a way for the identification of leakages which may cause dangerous results. These networks are best suitable for monitoring and help in controlling rotations in moving machinery (Edgar h. Callaway, 2003). Wide usage of sensor networks in large applications forces the network to provide security for data in order to operate the applications effectively. Security is the major issue faced by wireless sensor networks. The main reason for security problems in sensor networks is hold of data by attackers. If number of nodes increased in communication then there may be chance for tampering the data which may create the problem of data loss (CHAN, H. and PERRIG, A., 2003). This sensor network helps in expanding the internet into physical space. Compared to customary approaches wireless sensor networks provide many advantages. Information in sensors networks is available only at runtime. Sensors networking is done by contribution from signal processing, database and information management, embedded systems and architecture and distributed algorithms. Much number of sensors is already in use for monitoring the traffic in networks (Feng Zhao and leonidas J. Guibas, 2004) The organization growth reduces internally by loss of important data and due to false data introduced by hackers in network.However, the lack of end-to-end security guarantee makes the WSN weak due to the attacks. Functions in the networks are injured by internal attacks which lead to breakdown of mission-critical applianc es (Elaine Shi and PERRIG, A., 2004). Hence from the above discussion it can be understood that wireless networks leads to a new trend as the way of interchanging of data through internet service like e-mail and data file transfers is increasing tremendously. WSN is used in many martial appliances. As these networks provide many benefit for organizations and users it lacks in providing security to data while transferring. Wireless sensor networks play a vital role in transferring the data from one network to another without any delays or disturbances. The functionality and behavior of the WSN are completely dissimilar from the other wireless network devices present in WSN.WSN are not assured by the users. In terms of battery and power these devices are much more restrained. The WSN can be separated into two parts Data acquisition and data dissemination network. Data acquisition network consists of sensor nodes and base stations. Sensor nodes are the accumulation of small devices wit h the charge of assessing the physical information of its setting, and base stations are influential devices in case of gathering information of its surroundings. Sensor networks are mainly projected for real-time collection and analysis of low level data in aggressive environments (Javier Lopez and Jianying Zhou, 2008). For this reason they are well fitted to a significant amount of monitoring and observation applications. Famous wireless sensor network applications involve wildlife monitoring, bushfire response, military command, intelligent communications, industrial quality control, infrastructures, smart buildings, traffic monitoring and examining human heart rates etc. greater part of the sensor network are spread in aggressive environments with active intelligent resistance (Feng Zhao and Leonidas J. Guibas, 2004). Hence security is a crucial issue. One obvious example is battlefield applications where there is a pressing need for secrecy of location and resistance to subvers ion and destruction of the network. 2.3. Evaluating the existing security designs in WSNs Evaluation of existing systems can be done with the help of data security requirements like data authentication, availability and authentication. Security is not provided efficiently by the existing systems due to weak security strengths and is exposed to many different attacks. Security authentication tools such as authentication and key management. These tools provide various security mechanisms for sensor network. Routing and localization are supports sensor network (Donggang Liu and Peng Ning, 2007). Similar to the traditional networks most of the sensor network applications need security against introduction, and modification of packets. Cryptography is the standard defense. Interesting system tradeoffs grow while comparing cryptography into sensor networks. For point-to-point communication, continues cryptography attains a high level of protection but involves those keys to be set up among all end points and be in companionable with passive participation and local broadcast (C. S. Ragahavendhra, Krishna M. Sivalingam, Taieb F. znati, 2004). Link layer cryptography with a network wide shared key simplifies key setup and supports passive participation and local broadcast but intermediate nodes might alter messages. The earliest sensor networks are likely to use link layer cryptography because this approach supplies the greatest ease of deployment among presently available network cryptographic approaches. Subsequent systems may react to demand for more security with more advanced use of cryptography. Cryptography implies a performance cost for extra computation that frequently gains packet size. Cryptographic hardware support increases efficiency and also increases the financial cost of implementing a network. Limitations of existing key management schemes From many past years many different pre-distribution schemes have been proposed. Hop-by-hop is one of the techniques which dont provide end-to-end security in a proper manner. This hop-by-hop not only involves the end points but also have the intermediate components for data forwarding. Hop-by-hop header carries information which should be examined by each and every node along the packet path. As this technique involves each node referencing and processing it becomes complex in analysis of networks (Alberto Leon Garcia and Indra Widjaja, 2004). Data authentication and confidentiality is very much vulnerable to inside attacks and the multi hopping makes a worse while transmitting the messages. The problem of distributing and updating cryptographic is to valid member is known as Key Management. The key management is one of the most important tasks in the cryptographic mechanisms for networks. However the sensor networks, the key management is one of the more challenging network because there may be no central authority, trusted third party, or server to manage security keys. The key management performed in the distributed way. The self organization scheme to distribute and manage the security keys proposed (Yang Xiao, 2006). This system certificates are stored and distributed to the user by themselves. False data filtering and their analysis This helps in protecting data from validation in WSNs. Data that is not authorized will be filtered out by the transitional nodes. Location Based Resilient Secrecy (LBRS) is the proposed scheme that identifies the problems and errors in Statistical En-route Filtering (SEF) and Interleaved Hop-by–Hop Authentication (IHA). All these methods are highly exposed to interference attacks and selective forwarding attacks (kui Ren, Wenjing Lou and Yanchao Zhang, 2008). SEF helps in detecting and dropping the false reports during the forwarding process that contains Message Authentication Codes (MAC) generated by multiple nodes (Anne-Marie Kermarrec, Luc Bouge and Thierry Priol, 2007). IHA identifies the fake reports by using interleaved authentication 2.4. Data Security Requirements in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) As wireless sensor networks usage is increasing in organizations, security should be provided for data in order operate organizations successfully. Data security in wireless sensor networks includes data authentication, data availability and data confidentiality. Data should be available for authenticated users only in order to provide security. Various data security requirements for wireless sensor networks are (Kui Ren, Wenjing Lou and Yanchao Zhang, 2008): Data availability Data Confidentiality Data authentication Data integrity Time synchronization Secure Localization Data availability – To ensure availability of message protection in sensor network it should protect the resources or sensor nodes. Nodes in sensor networks should be guarded from unnecessary processing of messages. Avoiding unnecessary processing can reduce the energy usage so that the life time of sensor network increases. Wireless sensors are influenced by many factors like limited communication capabilities and computation. Wireless sensor networks are vulnerable to various attacks like Denial of Service attacks, node compromise attack and resource consumption attack (Shinqun Li, Tieyan Li and Xinkai Wang, 2002). Hence, in order to provide availability and security resources should be maintained effectively. Data Confidentiality – In wireless sensor networks confidentiality can be achieved by allowing only authenticated users to access the data. In sensor networks data can be secured by using cryptographic methods. Using encryption and decryption for data allows only authenticated users to access the data. Unauthorized or third parties cannot read the original data if confidentiality is provided effectively (Chris Karlof, Naveen sastry and David Wagner, 2004). Hence to have confidentiality for data wireless sensor networks should make of encryption methods. Data authentication – Authentication is necessary for controlling the sensor networks effectively. Data authentication in sensor networks allows the users to verify whether the data is sent from authorized resources or not. It also protects the original data from alterations. Digital signatures can be used for authentication in sensor networks (Mona Sharifnejad, Mohsen Sharifi and Mansoureh, 2007). Hence, authentication in sensor networks can be achieved with digital signature which helps in authenticating the senders. Hence from the discussion it can be given in order to provide security data availability, authentication and confidentiality should be sustained in sensor networks. Data Integrity Data integrity in sensor networks is required to check the dependability of the information and concerns to the capability, to support that message has not been corrupted, altered or changed. Even if the network has confidentiality measures, there is still a possibility that the data integrity has been compromised by alterations (Richard Zurawski, 2006). The integrity of the network will be in trouble when the malicious node present in the network throws fake data. Wireless channel cause damage or loss of data due to unstable conditions. Hence from the above it can be given the information provided by the sensor network is easily corrupted which can leads to loss of data. Time Synchronization Most of the sensor network applications trust on some form of time synchronization. Moreover, sensors may wish to calculate the continuous delay of a packet as it moves among two pair wise sensors. For tracking the applications a more collaborative sensor network may involve group synchronization. Secure Localization The usefulness of a sensor network will trust on its ability of each sensor to accurately and mechanically locate in the network (G. Padmavathi and D. Shanmugapriya, 2009). A sensor network planned to locate faults and it need accurate fixed information in order to identify the location of a fault. In this an attacker can easily misrepresent non secured location information by giving false signal strengths and playing back signals. Hence from the above content it has discussed about the security goals that are widely available for wireless sensor networks. 2.5. Proposing Location-Aware End-to-end Data Security (LEDS) LEDS helps in providing safety to data in a well-organized way. Security to data is provided through confidentiality, authentication and availability in LEDS. This mechanism has the ability to provide en-route filtering and end to end authentication. It makes use of key management for achieving data security. LEDS can be used either in small networks or large networks (Ed Dawson and Duncan S. Wong, 2007). LEDS splits the whole network into small cell regions and sends keys for each cell in order to provide security. Cell size of LEDS depends on the number of keys distribute and it does not support dynamic topology. Sensors helps in finding events that are occurring in network. Encryption of events is happened in networks by sensor nodes which are participating in the network. In order to encrypt the events LEDS uses the pre distributed cell keys (Abu Shohel Ahmed, 2009). Sensor nodes calculates unique share key for sensors after encrypting the data, where this is demonstrated using d ifferent sinks. Sensor nodes use authentication keys for calculating MACs. To avoid duplicate reporting each and every report is given with different MACs. A report or data validity will be checked at each and every node while broadcasting through networks in order to provide data security (Fan Ye, Hao Yang and Starsky H.Y. Wong, 2006). Hence from the above discussion it can be understood that, LEDS mechanism helps wireless sensor networks in providing end to end security. This mechanism makes use of key management in order to provide data authentication, confidentiality and availability. The main aim of designing LEDS is to provide end to end data security through data confidentiality, authenticity and availability. LEDS has the capability of preventing false data report attacks. Brief description of the goals of designing LEDS: Provide end-to-end data confidentiality and authenticity: Event reports in wireless sensor networks can maintain authenticity and confidentiality if the sending nodes themselves are not compromised for data corruption. Compromised nodes may affect the neighbor node performance. Cryptographic methods are used to protect data from attackers which is collected from compromised nodes. Key management assists in providing data authenticity and confidentiality by LEDS (Jun Luo, Panos Papadimitratos and Jean-Pierre Hubaux, 2007). In LEDS key management mechanism the nodes use keys for applying cryptographic methods on data in order to provide security. Achieve high level of assurance on data availability: If any attack occurs on data in wireless sensor network, then it should be flexible in selecting alternative ways for forwarding the data. In order to ensure availability, networks should be able to detect and drop the duplicate reports in an efficient and deterministic manner (Kui Ren, Wenjing Lou and Yanchao Zhang, 2008). LEDS assures data availability in the networks by identifying the duplicate reports early in the networks. Hence from the discussion it can be understood that, LEDS was designed for providing security in the wireless sensor networks. False information reports can be eliminated by using some LEDS mechanisms in networks. 2.6. Components of Location-Aware End-to-end Data Security To provide data security, LEDS makes use of two major components: Location-aware key management framework. End-to-end data security mechanism. LEDS provides end to end security by providing data authentication, confidentiality and availability. 2.6.1. Location-aware key management framework As wireless sensor networks are used in wide range of applications it should be deployed correctly in order to collect data. Network planners should give a framework before organizing in order to have security to data. LEDS makes use of key management in providing framework for the sensor networks. Using Key management in LEDS exploits the static and location-aware nature of wireless sensor networks (Reihanah Safavi Naini, 2008). Key management adopts a grid structure for redistributing and examining specific properties related to designing process. For providing a light-weight and robust location aware key management framework for sensor nodes in network preloaded keys are distributed in networks. This framework can be understood through embedding location information into the keys. Framework using key management should be derived in such a way that it should provide data authentication, confidentiality and availability (Yan Zhang, Honglin Hu and Masayuki Fujise, 2006). In LEDS ever y sensor node computes three different types of location-aware keys for distributing purpose. A sensor node computes two unique secret keys which can be shared between a node and sink. These keys help in providing node to sink authentication. A cell key will be distributed between two nodes in the same cell. Confidentiality to data in Wireless Sensor Networks is given by distribution cell keys among network elements. A set of authentication keys can be distributed among the nodes in the network in order to provide authentication to the nodes. This distributing of keys can help sensor networks in data filtering. A Sensor node in the network computes the location-aware key independently. Key management provides basis for end to end data security (Kui Ren, Wenjing Lou and Yanchao Zhang, 2008). Key management strategies for wireless sensor network have proposed recently existing keys which are based on pre-distribution where a probabilistic access for fixing up session keys among adjace nt nodes. Random key Pre-distribution schemes are dangerous to selective nodes and node replication attacks. These frequent attacks can be prohibited by the location aware key management. More challenges are to be taken by the location aware key management such as connectivity within the groups, deployment flexibility and security resilience (Xiaofang Zhou, 2006). Existing strategies need the deployment data as a priority before the deployment. This makes it very hard in major applications. Hence from the above discussion it can be concluded that, for developing a structure for WSN LEDS uses the key management technique. In this framework the safety to data is given by the distribution of keys between sensor nodes. Different location-aware keys computed from sensor nodes can provide data confidentiality, authentication and data filtering. 2.6.2 End-to-end data security mechanism Security is the main issue in transformation of data over internet or any wired or wireless communication. Several encryption methods are implemented and deployed in organization for providing security to data. Network smart cards supports networking mainstream standards and secured protocols. Private data can be sent from smart cards to remote server by establishing a secured connection between network smart cards and trusted remote internet server. This mechanism helps in avoiding manual type for confidential information. End-to-end mechanism struggle in identifying threat mechanism that will capture the data before it is encrypted (Yuliang Zhenq, 2004). Specificdevices and protocols can be installed at the end point connection for offering end to end security. Hyper text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) connection is an example of end-to-end connection to web server where an IP security is used as end-to-end security. There is an opinion that end-to-end security mechanism provides solutio ns in providing security to network based systems. Wireless sensor networks usually consist of a prominent number of resource constraint sensor nodes which are distributed in neglected uncongenial surroundings, and therefore are displayed to more characters of serious insider approaches due to node cooperation. Existing security designs generally supply a step by step security prototype and are exposed to such attacks (Claude Castelluccia, 2005). Moreover, existing security designs are also exposed to several DOS attacks such as report disruption attacks and selective forwarding attacks and thus put information accessibility at stake. To overcome these exposures for major static WSNs come up with a location-aware end-to-end security framework in which secret keys are bound to geographic locations (frank Stajano , Catherine Meadows, Srdjan Capkun and Tyler more, 2007). This location alert property successfully limits the impact of settled nodes only to their locality without involvin g end-to-end data security. The suggested multi functional key management framework checks both node to sink and node to node authentication along with the report forwarding routes and the suggested data delivery access assures effective en-route fake data filtering, and is highly influential against DOS attacks. In end-to-end security the end points refers to connection between client and server. Providing security is the major constraint for transferring data in a secured manner. For providing end-to-end secure communication constrains components like (Michael H. Behringer, 2009) Identity- which helps in identification of entities at both the ends Protocols- to provide required security functions protocols are implemented with the help of algorithms. Security- the end points used by network should be provided with secured protocols and the operations implemented on the end points should be in a secured manner. Thus from the above context it can be given that networks which uses end-to-end security mechanism provides a great security. In spite of having some potential problems end –to-end security many of the organizations are deploying this type of mechanism. End-to-end security protocols and their clarification acts as keystone in having security for the networks. 2.7. Security and performance analysis of LEDS Location aware End to end Data security design (LEDS) function is to anticipate the security and analyze in diverse etiquette. Digital systems afford the sanctuary by means of sundry techniques. In providing the security features researchers generate innovative services for improving the recital and trustworthiness of single technique algorithm (Sam Brown, 2002). Along with security the performance, hardware and software implementations are focused, transparency of the requirements as well as performance and productivity. The factors that involves in escalating this technology are Viability, power consumption, area, complexity, Flexibility. Security analysis can be explained in three dissimilar ways (Kui Ren, Wenjing Lou and Yanchao Zhang, 2008): Data Confidentiality as the security strength Data Authenticity Data Availability Data Confidentiality as the security strength: The requirement of provide data confidentiality within the internal network can be met using the same deployment and management approaches used. Using of the data encryption standard the confidentiality of encryption could be obtained. Data Confidentiality is also used in the Marketing and Sales (John W. Ritting House and James F. Ransome, 2004). In LEDS every report is encrypted by the corresponding cell key and therefore no nodes out of the event cell could obtain its content. Node from the event cell is compromised as the attacker obtains the contents of the corresponding reports because of the data confidentiality. Scheming total network cells number of compromised nodes and portion of compromised cell were utilized. There are two ways for calculating they are Random node capture attack and selective node capture attack. The above figure shows the data confidentiality in LEDS. One has to be clear that in compromising 40% of total cells at least 5% of the total nodes are to be compromised. Along with random node capture attacks accessible defense designs in which compromising a few hundred nodes usually compromise even in all the network communication, which specifies the dominance of the altitude in litheness. Data Authenticity By using diverse online techniques authenticity of data is accomplished. Significance of the data generation determines the position of the obligation (Chris Mann and Fiona Stewart, 2000). Security strength of LEDS regarding the data Authenticity is obtained by the content o

Essay --

Bijoy Shah Mrs. Jones Sophomore English (H) 8 January 2014 Men > Women Throughout The Odyssey by Homer, many women, if not servant girls or deities, are assigned to the powerless role of mothers or seductresses. In most instances, the women are in need of support and guidance as they are weak and fragile. Without a steady male hand to guide them, these women appear to be lost and heartbroken. Women serve little function aside from mourning their men and urging them to remain safe. In many ways, the value placed on fathers and sons in The Odyssey is far greater than the bonds with mothers or daughters. Anticleia, Odysseus’ mother, cannot even exist without her son as she dies after waiting for years for him to come home. For Anticleia and other women, the entire purpose for existence is to look after, nurture, and protect their sons and husbands. However, no female character in The Odyssey is quite as complex as the grief-stricken Penelope. Some women are known for the deeds of their sons or husbands, but never for a heroic deed of their own, thei r personalities, and what they do them...

Active Citizen

I’m going to become an active citizen in four simply steps which are learn about the issues, figure out what is not working and try to come up with solutions, take action, and make sure to talk to others. Step 1: read a good newspaper or website like www. cp24. com. Find out what is going on and what’s good and bad about my city, state, country, and the world. Step 2: start by looking in my city you I don’t get confused. To do this, I will need to make a list of categories, which will help me break down all the problems.Some examples are: Are there problems with the public education or catholic system? Is there a lack of community in my neighborhood? Step 3: write letters, call, and meet with your elected officials. I will make my voice be heard by writing to the media or even just starting a blog or website. I can host a creative fundraising project or volunteer with an organization. Step 4: make as many people as possible to be concerned about each problem that ’s happening with in our community, so that they can take their own actions and the problem can get solved.The most important thing is putting the word out there so people can act wisely. The three most significant lessons about citizenship that I will take away from this course are the freedom of speech, the freedom of voting, and the freedom of religion. Freedom of speech is extremely important because it refers to the right of an individual to express his/her views about matter of interest to him/her with the freedom of press which means the freedom of writing which both represent their thoughts.Freedom of speech gives people the right to express their opinions without being arrested and thrown to jail. The freedom of voting is also important because it lets people choose the person they feel will represent them better. Freedom of voting is also important because a democratic government can only function when as many people as possible are able to participate in the electo ral process.Freedom of religion is important because people need to feel that they are able to have some sort of influence that is free from the external control. Individual need to feel some sort of level of spiritual fulfillment and should be able to choose freely how that path is taken. Freedom of religion is so important because no matter what ones religion is all of them have one thing in common. It is also important because people wont be force to follow certain customs or beliefs like they used to back in the days.

Practice Makes Perfect Essay Essay

Our world is constantly wrought with the concept that certainty can allow one to achieve all of our desires and dreams. But this ever-present idea is utterly misleading. One cannot rely on certainty because nothing is truly certain. Everything that we hold to be true, has not been proven wrong. According to William Phelps, a sense of certainty will achieve the impossible. However, Bertrand Russell believes it is important to always carry a bit of doubt in one’s life. Nevertheless, people are torn between extra confidences and doubtless. While some may be certain of everything or doubt in any little thing, the human brain should balance these two factors in order to have a well and steady mind. Throughout our daily lives, everyone needs some sort of certainty in order to build up one’s self esteem. However, the certainty should be to an extent. Living in a world full of confidence is not always the right decision thus it can guide into failure. Although, strong beliefs, or a set of mind that leads to certainty is not wrong at all, especially in today’s society, it has been proven that one’s visualization of things is the dependable factor of the outcome of the activity one is about to do. It develops a confident and certain mentality. This way, one is able to give out positive vibes and inspire others to be the best of themselves ad eventually achieve â€Å"virtually anything† even that that seems â€Å"impossible† ().The mindset of believing in achieving the impossible is motivation everyone needs to develop a strong character. Relying too much of certainty may not be so good, since it makes you close minded. This is because you are certain of what you say is right, you don’t even listen to other people’s opinion, which brings tension around you. Over analyzing things and always going for what’s right won’t necessarily make you perfect or certain, instead it could gui de you into a big failure, since at some point you have to make mistakes. Thus, in order to prevent a big upcoming failure one should balance out the certainty they have in themselves. Nevertheless, doubt is an extremely huge necessity one needs among their lives. One of the most important components of doubt is trial  and error. One cannot be certain something will make sense or work if the hypothesis one has, has not been tested whether by experimentation or refutation. For instance, if Thomas Edison was absolutely certain he had created a means to harness electricity and produce light without testing his theory over 50 times, his certainty would be invalid. However, his influx of doubt and therefore his willingness to augment and change based upon that doubt, enabled him to produce what could probably be the most important scientific discovery yet. Another example of the importance of doubt is perhaps the most controversial topic among us-religion. Whether or not one has faith and is certain of that faith, is refutable. There are hence, two sides to this cause. Because nothing has been definitely proved that a higher, supreme power exists. On the other hand, there has been research of evolution throughout time, but it still hasn’t necessarily proven a certain answer. However, even in this process of comparing the two sides one doubts because one is extrapolating that either could be true. If either is true, we are still uncertain about it. In conclusion, the use of doubt has brought upon many debates, changes, and ideas whether for better or worse. This debate of uncertainty or certainty has been entrenched in our cultures consciousness possibly since its inception. But if we were to deny that the geniuses of our times did not doubt, we are making a vast ad unintelligent assumption. Even so, throughout time, certainty has also come to a great importance in our lives. Without the doubts of all our past generations and the little certainty they used to carry our world would not be anything like the way it is. One thing is certain; doubt and certainty are two factors that are an absolute necessity.